01 - Heat the vegetable oil in a large skillet over medium heat until it shimmers slightly.
02 - Add the chopped onion and sauté for 3–4 minutes, stirring occasionally, until softened and translucent.
03 - Stir in the garlic, chopped chiles, and tomatoes if using. Cook for 2–3 minutes until fragrant and the tomatoes begin to soften.
04 - Add the diced potatoes, ground cumin, smoked paprika if using, salt, and pepper. Toss everything together to coat the potatoes evenly in the spice mixture.
05 - Pour in the vegetable broth or water. Cover with a lid and cook for 20–25 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the potatoes are fork-tender and the liquid is mostly absorbed.
06 - Taste and adjust the salt, pepper, or spice level as needed.
07 - Transfer to a serving dish and garnish generously with fresh chopped cilantro. Serve warm as a side or main course.